有機化學中的生物轉化.英文（第6版）

1 Introduction and Background lnformation
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Common Prejudices Against Enzymes
1.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Biocatalysts
1.3.1 Advantages of Biocatalysts
1.3.2 Disadvantages of Biocatalysts
1.3.3 Isolated Enzymes vs. Whole Cell Systems
1.4 Enzyme Properties and Nomenclature
1.4.1 Structural Biology in a Nutshell
1.4.2 Mechanistic Aspects of Enzyme Catalysis
1.4.3 Classification and Nomenclature
1.4.4 Coenzymes
1.4.5 Enzyme Sources
References
2 Biocatalytic Applications
2.1 Hydrolytic Reactions
2.1.1 Mechanistic and Kinetic Aspects
2.1.2 Hydrolysis ofthe Amide Bond
2.1.3 EsterHydrolysis
2.1.4 Hydrolysis and Formation ofPhosphate Esters
2.1.5 Hydrolysis ofEpoxides
2.1.6 Hydrolysis of Nitriles
2.2 Reduction Reactions
2.2.1 Recycling ofCofactors
2.2.2 Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones Using IsolatedEnzymes
2.2.3 Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones Using Whole Cells
2.2.4 Reduction of C-C-Bonds
2.3 Oxidation Reactions
2.3.1 Oxidation of Alcohols and Aldehydes
2.3.2 Oxygenation Reactions
2.3.3 Peroxidation Reactions
2.4 Formation of Carbon-Carbon Bonds
2.4.1 Aldol Reactions
2.4.2 Thiamine-Dependent Acyloin and Benzoin Reactions
2.4.3 Michael-Type Additions
2.5 Addition and Elimination Reactions
2.5.1 Cyanohydrin Formation
2.5.2 Addition of Water
2.5.3 Addition of Ammonia
2.6 Transfer Reactions
2.6.1 Glycosyl Transfer Reactions
2.6.2 Amino Transfer Reactions
2.7 Halogenation and Dehalogenation Reactions
2.7.1 Halogenation
2.7.2 Dehalogenation
References
3 SpeciaI Techniques
3.1 Enzymes in Organic Solvents
3.1.1 Ester Synthesis
3.1.2 Lactone Synthesis
3.1.3 Amide Synthesis
3.1.4 Peptide Synthesis
3.1.5 Peracid Synthesis
3.1.6 Redox Reactions
3.1.7 Medium Engineering
3.2 Immobilization
3.3 Artificial and Modified Enzymes
3.3.1 Artificial Enzyme Mimics
3.3.2 Modified Enzymes
3.3.3 Catalytic Antibodies
References
4 State of the Art and Outlook
References
5 Appendix
5.1 Basic Rules for Handling Biocatalysts
5.2 Abbreviations
5.3 Suppliers of Enzymes
5.4 Commonly Used Enzyme Preparations
5.5 MajorCulture Collections
5.6 Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi
Index