貝努姆(Eduard van Beinum)為樂界最重要的荷蘭籍指揮之一,1901年出生,1945年接掌音樂會堂管弦樂團,1949-51年擔任倫敦愛樂管弦樂團指揮,1959年因心臟病發,死於指揮台上。他同樣擔任指揮的兒子曾表示:他的指揮態度與其說是「詮釋」,倒不如說是「瞭解」音樂本身;直接掌握音樂的內在動機,才能將音樂的精神直接傳達給聽者。2004年音樂作家Truus de Leur出版貝努姆的傳記,書名便稱其為「音樂家中的音樂家」(Musicus tussen musici)。
二次世界大戰後,貝努姆接掌荷蘭阿姆斯特丹的音樂會堂管弦樂團,他曾於1931年進入樂團擔任助理指揮,在1945年正式成為常任指揮之前,他早已受到所有樂迷與團員的擁戴。貝努姆投注於布魯克納的作品及一些受歡迎的法國音樂,此舉也使樂團成為浪漫派音樂的代言人。
貝努姆將他與管弦樂團演奏家的關係描述為「平等為先」(first among equals)。談到自己的工作時說:「絕不能專橫。指揮必須讓自己融入樂團成員以及任何可能性之中,並從中導引出一切。」1959年4月13日,與音樂會堂管弦樂團合作排練布拉姆斯的第1號交響曲時,年僅58歲的貝努姆因心臟病發,逝世於指揮台。
這套錄音主要收錄他擔任過的兩個管弦樂團 — 音樂會堂(Concertgebouworkest)與倫敦愛樂(London Philharmonic Orchestra)首席指揮時,為Decca和Philips製作的完整錄音,其中1959年灌錄的德布西《英雄搖籃曲》,是他極少數的立體聲錄音之一。此外還收錄他為Dutch Decca、Telefunken,以及Deutsche Grammophon錄製的稀有78轉唱片之錄音,其中許多從未商業發行,且為首次以CD格式面市。專輯另附贈一張由Jon Tolansky製作的文獻錄音,包含與貝努姆合作過的音樂家們對他的評論;全套專輯共含43CD,保留原始專輯封套設計。
貝努姆的音樂在生前或許並沒有受到充分的欣賞,但在去世後,他的錄音讓我們重新評估他無可挑剔的音樂直覺、優異的品味和音樂詮釋的自發性。直到海汀克1964年正式接掌音樂會堂管弦樂團之前,貝努姆一直是影響該團演出風格最關鍵的指揮家,透過這套錄音,愛樂者當可瞭解其指揮的過人之處。
曲目:
CD1. J.S. Bach: Orchestral Suites Nos.1–4 Concertgebouworkest
CD2. Clark: Trumpet Voluntary ∙ Handel: Music for the Royal Fireworks Suite; Water Music Suite London Philharmonic Orchestra
J.C. Bach: Symphonies Nos.2 & 4, Op.18 CO
CD3. Handel: Water Music CO
CD4. Mozart: Concerto for Flute & Harp Hubert Barwahser, Phia Berghout; Symphonies Nos.29 & 33 CO
CD5. Mozart: Symphony No.35 ‘Haffner’; Piano Concerto No.24 Kathleen Long, LPO
Mozart: Clarinet Concerto Bram de Wilde, CO
CD6. Mozart: Serenade in D, K.320 ‘Posthorn’
Reger: Variations & Fugue on a theme by Mozart CO
CD7. Haydn: Symphonies Nos.94, 96 (1952 rec.) & 97 CO
CD8. Haydn: Symphony No.96 (1947 rec.) CO
Haydn: Symphony No.100 ∙ Beethoven: The Creatures of Prometheus LPO
CD9. Beethoven: Overtures LPO
CD10. Beethoven: Violin Concerto, Op.61 Arthur Grumiaux; Symphony No.2 CO
CD11. Schubert: Symphonies Nos.4 & 5; Rosamunde CO
CD12. Schubert Symphonies Nos.3, 6 & 8 ‘Unfinished’ CO
CD13. Mendelssohn: The Hebrides Overture; Violin Concerto Alfredo Campoli, LPO
Mendelssohn: A Midsummer Night's Dream (1946 rec.) ∙ Beethoven: Leonore Overture No.2 ∙ Rossini: Overture to La scala di seta CO
CD14. Mendelssohn: A Midsummer Night's Dream (1952 rec.); Symphony No.4 ∙ Rossini: Overtures CO
CD15. Berlioz: Symphonie fantastique (1946 rec.); La Damnation de Faust (excerpts: 1946 rec.); Marche troyenne; Le Carnaval Romain Ouverture (1956 rec.) CO
CD16. Berlioz: Symphonie fantastique (1951 rec.); Le Carnaval Romain Ouverture (1951 rec.); La Damnation de Faust (excerpts: 1947 rec.) ∙ Brahms: St Anthony Variations (1952 rec.) CO
CD17. Brahms: Symphony No.1 (1947 rec.); St Anthony Variations (1949 rec.) CO
CD18. Brahms: Symphony No.1 (1951 rec.) CO
Brahms: Symphony No.3 (1946 rec.) LPO
CD19. Brahms: Symphonies Nos.2 & 4 CO
CD20. Brahms: Symphonies Nos.1 (1958 rec.) & 3 (1958 rec.) CO
CD21. Brahms: Piano Concerto No.1 Clifford Curzon; Tragic Overture (1952 rec.); Academic Festival Overture (1952 rec.); Alto Rhapsody CO
CD22. Brahms: Violin Concerto Arthur Grumiaux; St Anthony Variations (1958 rec.); Tragic Overture (1958 rec.); Academic Festival Overture (1958 rec.) CO
CD23. Bruckner: Symphony No.5 in B flat CO
CD24. Bruckner: Symphony No.7 in E (1947 rec.) CO
CD25. Bruckner: Symphony No.7 in E (1953 rec.) CO
CD26. Bruckner: Symphony No.8 in C minor CO
CD27. Bruckner: Symphony No.9 in D minor CO
CD28. Mahler: Symphony No.4 in G CO
Mahler: Lieder eines fahrenden Gessellen (1946 rec.) LPO
CD29. Mahler: Das Lied von der Erde; Lieder Eines fahrenden Gesellen (1956 rec.) CO
CD30. Lalo: Symphonie espagnole Alfredo Campoli, LPO
Tchaikovsky: Serenade for Strings; Andante cantabile for cello & strings; Nutcracker Suite CO
Tchaikovsky: Romeo & Juliet Overture–Fantasia
CD31. Rimsky-Korsakov: Scheherazade CO
Borodin: Polovtsian Dances ∙ Bizet: L’Arlésienne Suites (excerpts: 1950 rec.) LPO
Debussy: Danses pour harpe et orchestre Chamber Music Society of Amsterdam
CD32. Stravinsky: Le Sacre du Printemps; Le Chant du Rossignol ∙ Kodaly: Háry János Suite CO
CD33. Bartók: Concerto for Orchestra; Music for Strings, Percussion & Celeste ∙ Stravinsky: The Firebird Suite CO
CD34. Sibelius: Violin Concerto Jan Damen; Tone Poems LPO
CD35. Franck: Psyché; Variations symphoniques Géza Anda
Ravel: Rapsodie espagnole; Boléro; La Valse CO
CD36. Debussy: Nocturnes; La Mer; Images (Set 3) CO
CD37. Elgar: Cockaigne Overture; Cello Concerto Anthony Pini; Elegy for Strings; The Wand of Youth Suites 1 & 2 LPO
CD38. Britten: Spring Symphony ∙ Pijper: Symphony No.3 CO
Britten Four Sea Interludes & Passacaglia from Peter Grimes (1947 rec.) ∙ Arnold: Beckus the Dandipratt LPO
CD39. Britten: Four Sea Interludes & Passacaglia from Peter Grimes (1953 rec.); The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra, Debussy: Berceuse héroïque; Marche écossaise ∙ Thomas: Overture to Mignon ∙ Grieg: Two Elegiac Melodies, Nicolai: Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor Overture ∙ Sousa: The Stars & Stripes Forever CO
CD40. Pijper: Six Epigrams; Concerto for Piano & Orchestra Hans Henkemans ∙ Henkemans: Violin Concerto Theo Olof
Diepenbrock: Marsyas, of De betooverde bron RC 101 Incidental music excerpts CO
CD41. Eduard van Beinum – 78 Rarities I’
Brahms: St Anthony Variations ∙ Bizet: L’Arlésienne ∙ Reger: Valse d’amour (Ballet Suite Op.130) ∙ Smetana: Vltava (Má vlast) CO
CD42.‘Eduard van Beinum – 78 Rarities II’
Berlioz: Benvenuto Cellini Overture ∙ Wagner: Prelude to Lohengrin Act III ∙ Beethoven: Egmont Overture, J.S. Bach: Suite No.2 in B minor BWV 1067 (excerpts); Suite No.3 in D BWV 1068, R. Strauss: Don Juan ∙ Sibelius: Finlandia CO
CD43. Eduard van Beinum – Memories’
Audio documentary feature produced by Jon Tolansky, with commentary by a number of musicians who worked with Eduard van Beinum