Regarding the Pain of Others

　　這是蘇珊‧桑塔格繼《論攝影》之後，另一部深入探討影像與當代文化關係的力作。桑塔格在書中追溯了現代戰爭與攝影的演進，近代反戰運動的發展，以及影像與新聞、藝術和文化之間的複雜與曖昧。那些源源充斥於現代生活中的戰災影像，究竟是「記錄了」戰爭的原貌，還是「建構了」災難的神話？究竟是激起了我們對暴力的厭惡痛絕，還是磨平了我的同情心？旁觀他人的苦痛究竟是為了謹記教訓，還是為了滿足我們的邪淫趣味？觀看這些凶劫的影像究竟是要令我們堅硬一點以面對內心的軟弱？還是令我們更麻木？或令我們接受生命中不可挽回的創傷？而面對這類由照片所帶來的遠方災痛的知識，我們又該做些什麼？桑塔格這本書不僅讓我們重新思考影像的用途與意義，更直指戰爭的本質、同情的局限，以及良心的責任等重大議題。

★本書中譯本《旁觀他人之痛苦》由麥田出版

A brilliant, clear-eyed consideration of the visual representation of violence in our culture--its ubiquity, meanings, and effects.

Considered one of the greatest critics of her generation, Susan Sontag followed up her monumental On Photography with an extended study of human violence, reflecting on a question first posed by Virginia Woolf in Three Guineas: How in your opinion are we to prevent war?

＂For a long time some people believed that if the horror could be made vivid enough, most people would finally take in the outrageousness, the insanity of war.＂

One of the distinguishing features of modern life is that it supplies countless opportunities for regarding (at a distance, through the medium of photography) horrors taking place throughout the world. But are viewers inured--or incited--to violence by the depiction of cruelty? Is the viewer’s perception of reality eroded by the daily barrage of such images? What does it mean to care about the suffering of others far away?

First published more than twenty years after her now-classic book On Photography, which changed how we understand the very condition of being modern, Regarding the Pain of Others challenges our thinking not only about the uses and means of images, but about how war itself is waged (and understood) in our time, the limits of sympathy, and the obligations of conscience.

作者簡介

　　蘇珊‧桑塔格（Susan Sontag）1933年出生於紐約市，在亞利桑那州和南加州度過小學及中學生涯，十五歲進入柏克萊加州大學，隨後轉至芝加哥大學就讀，十八歲自該校畢業，1957年從哈佛大學取得哲學碩士學位。

　　1960年前後桑塔格開始活躍於紐約文壇，被視為新一代的才女接班人。1963年出版第一部小說《恩人》，贏得名哲學家漢娜鄂蘭的激賞；1964年發表的〈假仙筆記〉，被美國新聞學會列為二十世紀一百篇最重要的文獻之一；1966年結集出版的《反對詮釋》令她名噪一時，該書迅即成為大學校院經典，「美國最聰明的女人」的稱號不脛而走。六、七○年代之間，幾乎每部桑塔格文集都是一宗出版盛事，其談論主題從法國結構主義人類學、法西斯主義、色情文學、電影、攝影到日本科幻片乃至當代流行音樂，筆鋒所及都得風氣之先，充滿睿智、卓見。1977年的《論攝影》榮獲國家書評人評論組首獎；1978年的《疾病的隱喻》肇自1975年間她與乳癌搏鬥的經驗，被女性國家書會列為七十五本「改變了世界的女性著述」之一。

　　除小說和評論文字之外，桑也涉足電影與舞台劇的編導工作，七、八○年代桑一共拍攝了《食人生番二重奏》等四部電影，並導演了皮藍德婁和昆德拉等人的劇作。1992年出版的第三部長篇《火山情人》，登入暢銷排行榜，是桑最雅俗共賞的一部作品；而2000年面世的小說《在美國》，更為她贏得該年的美國國家書卷獎。2001年5月，桑獲得兩年一度的耶路撒冷獎，表揚其終身的文學成就。

Susan Sontag is the author of four novels, The Benefactor, Death Kit, The Volcano Lover, and In America, which won the 2000 National Book Award for fiction; a collection of stories, I, etcetera; several plays, including Alice in Bed; and five works of nonfiction, among them Against Interpretation and On Photography, which won the National Book Critics Circle Award for criticism. Her books are translated into thirty-two languages. In 2001, she was awarded the Jerusalem Prize for the body of her work, and she received the Prince of Asturias Prize for Literature in 2003.